JEDI:
Youngling: A child below the age of 13 who is still learning Force control.
Padawan: A teen, over the age of 13, who is under the tutelage of a Knight or a Master, as their apprentice. Padawans and Masters are very special, and have a mental link called a Training Bond, that allows empathetic and telepathic connection between the two.
Jedi Knight: A fully trained Padawan who has passed their Trials had had their Padawan braid cut.
Jedi Master: A Knight who has been elevated to the rank of Master due to longevity in the service of the Order, or completed something highly noteworthy.
Rebellion and GAR (Grand Army of the Republic):
High Jedi General—Jedi High Councilors. In command of one of the ten Systems Armies.
Senior Jedi General—Jedi Masters. In command of one of the twenty Sector Armies.
Jedi General—Jedi Knights and Masters. In command of corps or legions.
Jedi Commander—Jedi Padawans. In command of regiments and battalions
Marshal Commander—The highest rank a clone soldier could attain. Like all commanders, their armor was color-coded yellow. The rank indicator HUD glyph was eight dots, arranged in two parallel horizontal lines of four. Each marshal commander was in command of a corps.
Senior Commander—The second highest rank attainable by the clone forces. Their armor was color-coded yellow and the rank indicator HUD glyph was two horizontal rows of three dots running parallel. Each was in command of a brigade or legion.
Regimental Commander—Also indicated by yellow armor. HUD glyph was arranged in two parallel rows of four dots. Each was in command of a regiment.
Battalion Commander—the lowest commander rank of the clone forces. Also indicated by yellow armor, HUD glyph was that of two dots, stacked vertically. Each was in command of a battalion.
Major—Their armor was color coded red. HUD glyph was four vertical lines running parallel. Each was in command of a battalion.
Captain—Captain’s armor was also color-coded red, with three parallel vertical lines as rank indicator. Each was in command of a company.
Lieutenant—Indicated by blue armor. Rank was indicated by a pair of vertical parallel lines. Each was in command of a platoon.
Second Lieutenant—Also indicated by blue armor. Rank was indicated by a single vertical line. Also in charge of a platoon.
Sergeant Major—Indicated by green armor. Rank glyph is four chevrons. They were second-in-command of platoons.
Sergeant—Indicated by an olive green armor. Rank glyph is three chevrons. In command of a squad.
Corporal— The second lowest rank of clone forces. Rank indicator was two chevrons. They were second-in-command of squads.
Trooper—The lowest rank in the clone forces. Rank was indicated by a single chevron.
Cadet—This rank is even lower than Trooper. This rank is used by new Clones. These clones have not passed their final trial and therefore can’t be considered soldiers yet.
{sourced from the “Grand Army of the Republic” page on Wookiepedia}